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21.
The ability to cope with uncertainty in dynamic scheduling environments is becoming an increasingly important issue. In such environments, any disruption in the production schedule will translate into a disturbance of the plans for several external activities as well. Hence, from a practical point of view, deviations between the planned and realized schedules are to be avoided as much as possible. The term stability refers to this concern. We propose a proactive approach to generate efficient and stable schedules for a job shop subject to processing time variability and random machine breakdowns. In our approach, efficiency is measured by the makespan, and the stability measure is the sum of the variances of the realized completion times. Because the calculation of the original measure is mathematically intractable, we develop a surrogate stability measure. The version of the problem with the surrogate stability measure is proven to be NP‐hard, even without machine breakdowns; a branch‐and‐bound algorithm is developed for this problem variant. A tabu search algorithm is proposed to handle larger instances of the problem with machine breakdowns. The results of extensive computational experiments indicate that the proposed algorithms are quite promising in performance. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011 相似文献
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应用载荷直接获取航天器平台的时间和公共测量信息,并不能完全满足载荷的高精度时间基准和共用信息使用需求。一些功能载荷具备向外输出高精度时间和状态测量信息的能力,但硬件接口资源有限。将功能载荷作为FC-AE-1553光纤网络的一个节点,在FC-AE-1553光纤网络中叠加IEEE 1588v2时间同步协议,功能载荷的高精度时钟源能同步给有需求的其他载荷。并在时间同步的前提下,将功能载荷的测量数据如定位数据、姿态数据和轨道数据等共用信息同步发送至网络上的其他载荷节点。通过时间同步与同步发送机制,解决了各载荷对高精度时间和共用信息的需求,弥补了专用信息硬件接口资源的不足。结果表明,与直接利用航天器平台的信息源相比较,当时钟源和共用信息来自功能载荷时,FC-AE-1553网络时间同步之后的时间基准精度和共用信息利用性能高出3个数量级,载荷获取的UTC时间精度达到百纳 相似文献
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为研究导弹在视场角约束下的三维攻击时间控制问题,提出一种三维非线性滑模导引律。利用攻击时间误差设计滑模面,推导出三维形式的俯仰和偏航加速度指令;通过对所设计制导律进行简单修正,解决了零初始前置角引起的奇点问题;从数学上证明了该导引律的稳定性和收敛性,讨论了导引律相关参数的取值范围,分析了与纯比例导引法、解耦三维导引律之间的关系。仿真结果表明,所设计导引律能够在视场角约束条件下有效实现攻击时间增大或减小的控制;俯仰和偏航平面的耦合程度越强,该导引律控制能耗小的优势越为明显。 相似文献
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The mechanical, thermal and ablation properties of carbon phenolic (C-Ph) composites (Type-I) rein-forced with different weight percentages of organo-modified montmorillonite (o-MMT) nanoclay have been studied experimentally. Ball milling was used to disperse different weight (wt) percentages (0, 1,2,4,6 wt.%) of nanoclay into phenolic resin. Viscosity changes to resin due to nanoclay was studied. On the other hand, nanoclay added phenolic matrix composites (Type-II) were prepared to study the dispersion of nanoclay in phenolic matrix by small angle X-ray scattering and thermal stability changes to the matrix by thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). This data was used to understand the mechanical, thermal and ablation properties of Type-I composites. Inter laminar shear strength (ILSS), flexural strength and flexural modulus of Type I composites increased by about 29%, 12%and 7%respectively at 2 wt.% addition of nanoclay beyond which these properties decreased. This was attributed to reduced fiber volume fraction (%Vf) of Type-I composites due to nanoclay addition at such high loadings. Mass ablation rate of Type-I composites was evaluated using oxy acetylene torch test at low heat flux (125 W/cm2) and high heat flux levels (500 W/cm2). Mass ablation rates have increased at both flux levels marginally up to 2 wt.% addition of nanoclay beyond which it has increased significantly. This is in contrast to increased thermal stability observed for Type-I and Type-Ⅱ composites up to 2 wt.%addition of nanoclay. Increased ablation rates due to nanoclay addition was attributed to higher insulation effi-ciency of nanolcay, which accumulates more heat energy in limited area behind the ablation front and self-propagating ablation mechanisms triggered by thermal decomposition of organic part of nanoclay. 相似文献
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介绍了通用装备虚拟维修训练系统的功能需求和面向对象的统一建模语言(UML),结合构造虚拟维修训练系统的软件技术,以某型雷达装备为例,将雷达模型与UML视图相结合,阐述如何用UML语言对虚拟装备进行系统建模,从而完成仿真功能。 相似文献
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针对超空泡航行体轴向受力特点,建立超空泡航行体双层壳结构有限元模型,对结构动力稳定性进行分析.数值计算表明,当壳间实肋板厚度增大或环向肋骨数量和尺寸增加时,动力失稳区域整体下移,不稳定激发频率下降,失稳区域宽度减小幅度较小;当壳间间距减小或纵向肋骨数量和尺寸增加时,双层壳结构动力不稳定激发频率上升,动力失稳区域宽度较大... 相似文献
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